Compare Gibraltar (2001) - British Indian Ocean Territory (2008)

Compare Gibraltar (2001) z British Indian Ocean Territory (2008)

	Gibraltar (2001)	British Indian Ocean Territory (2008)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas territory of the UK)	-
Age structure	0-14 years: 18.73% (male 2,652; female 2,528) 15-64 years: 66.33% (male 9,473; female 8,866) 65 years and over: 14.94% (male 1,733; female 2,397) (2001 est.)	-
Agriculture - products	none	-
Airports	1 (2000 est.)	1 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2000 est.)	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2007)
Area	total: 6.5 sq km land: 6.5 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 54,400 sq km land: 60 sq km; Diego Garcia 44 sq km water: 54,340 sq km note: includes the entire Chagos Archipelago of 55 islands
Area - comparative	about 11 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC	land area is about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Strategically important, Gibraltar was ceded to Great Britain by Spain in the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht; the British garrison was formally declared a colony in 1830. In a 1967 referendum, Gibraltarians ignored Spanish pressure and voted overwhelmingly to remain a British dependency.	Established as a territory of the UK in 1965, a number of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) islands were transferred to the Seychelles when it attained independence in 1976. Subsequently, BIOT has consisted only of the six main island groups comprising the Chagos Archipelago. The largest and most southerly of the islands, Diego Garcia, contains a joint UK-US naval support facility. All of the remaining islands are uninhabited. Former agricultural workers, earlier residents in the islands, were relocated primarily to Mauritius but also to the Seychelles, between 1967 and 1973. In 2000, a British High Court ruling invalidated the local immigration order that had excluded them from the archipelago, but upheld the special military status of Diego Garcia.
Birth rate	11.25 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)	-
Budget	revenues: $307 million expenditures: $284 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY00/01 est.)	-
Capital	Gibraltar	-
Climate	Mediterranean with mild winters and warm summers	tropical marine; hot, humid, moderated by trade winds
Coastline	12 km	698 km
Constitution	30 May 1969	-
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Gibraltar	conventional long form: British Indian Ocean Territory conventional short form: none abbreviation: BIOT
Currency	Gibraltar pound (GIP)	-
Death rate	8.82 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)	-
Debt - external	$NA	-
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK	overseas territory of the UK; administered by a commissioner, resident in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	source of friction between Spain and the UK	Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Archipelago including Diego Garcia; in 2001, the former inhabitants of the Chagos Archipelago, evicted in 1967 and 1973 and now residing chiefly in Mauritius, were granted UK citizenship and the right to repatriation; in May 2006, the High Court of London reversed U.K. Government's 2004 orders of council that banned habitation on the islands; a small group of Chagossians visited Diego Garcia in April 2006; repatriation is complicated by the exclusive US military lease of Diego Garcia that restricts access to the largest viable island in the chain
Economic aid - recipient	$NA	-
Economy - overview	Gibraltar benefits from an extensive shipping trade, offshore banking, and its position as an international conference center. The British military presence has been sharply reduced and now contributes about 11% to the local economy. The financial sector accounts for 20% of GDP; tourism (almost 6 million visitors in 1998), shipping services fees, and duties on consumer goods also generate revenue. In recent years, Gibraltar has seen major structural change from a public to a private sector economy, but changes in government spending still have a major impact on the level of employment.	All economic activity is concentrated on the largest island of Diego Garcia, where a joint UK-US military facility is located. Construction projects and various services needed to support the military installation are performed by military and contract employees from the UK, Mauritius, the Philippines, and the US. There are no industrial or agricultural activities on the islands. When the native Ilois return, they plan to reestablish sugarcane production and fishing. The territory makes money by selling fishing licenses and postage stamps.
Electricity - consumption	88.4 million kWh (1999)	NA kWh
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (1999)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (1999)	-
Electricity - production	95 million kWh (1999)	NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by the US military
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m highest point: Rock of Gibraltar 426 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Diego Garcia 15 m
Environment - current issues	limited natural freshwater resources; large concrete or natural rock water catchments collect rainwater	NA
Ethnic groups	Spanish, Italian, English, Maltese, Portuguese	-
Exchange rates	Gibraltar pounds per US dollar - 0.6764 (January 2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998), 0.6106 (1997), 0.6403 (1996); note - the Gibraltar pound is at par with the British pound	-
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor and Commander-in-Chief David DURIE (since 5 April 2000); note - DURIE was appointed in February 2000 but took office in April 2000 head of government: Chief Minister Peter CARUANA (since 17 May 1996) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed from among the 15 elected members of the House of Assembly by the governor in consultation with the chief minister; note - there is also a Gibraltar Council that advises the governor elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; chief minister appointed by the governor	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Commissioner Leigh TURNER (since July 2006); Administrator Tony HUMPHRIES (since February 2005); note - both reside in the UK and are represented by the officer commanding British Forces on Diego Garcia cabinet: NA elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; commissioner and administrator appointed by the monarch
Exports	$81.1 million (f.o.b., 1997)	-
Exports - commodities	(principally reexports) petroleum 51%, manufactured goods 41%, other 8%	-
Exports - partners	UK, Morocco, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain, US, Germany	-
Fiscal year	1 July - 30 June	-
Flag description	two horizontal bands of white (top, double width) and red with a three-towered red castle in the center of the white band; hanging from the castle gate is a gold key centered in the red band	white with six blue wavy horizontal stripes; the flag of the UK is in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the striped section bears a palm tree and yellow crown centered on the outer half of the flag
GDP	purchasing power parity - $500 million (1997 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	-
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $17,500 (1997 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	-
Geographic coordinates	36 11 N, 5 22 W	6 00 S, 71 30 E; note - Diego Garcia 7 20 S, 72 25 E
Geography - note	strategic location on Strait of Gibraltar that links the North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea	archipelago of 55 islands; Diego Garcia, largest and southernmost island, occupies strategic location in central Indian Ocean; island is site of joint US-UK military facility
Highways	total: 46.25 km paved: 46.25 km unpaved: 0 km (2001)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	-
Imports	$492 million (c.i.f., 1997)	-
Imports - commodities	fuels, manufactured goods, and foodstuffs	-
Imports - partners	UK, Spain, Japan, Netherlands	-
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK)	-
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	-
Industries	tourism, banking and finance, ship-building and repairing; support to large UK naval and air bases; tobacco, mineral water, beer, canned fish	-
Infant mortality rate	5.49 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	1.5% (1998)	-
International organization participation	Interpol (subbureau)	-
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	2 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	0 sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court; Court of Appeal	-
Labor force	14,800 (including non-Gibraltar laborers)	-
Labor force - by occupation	services 60%, industry 40%, agriculture NEGL%	-
Land boundaries	total: 1.2 km border countries: Spain 1.2 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 100% (1993 est.)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)
Languages	English (used in schools and for official purposes), Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Russian	-
Legal system	English law	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch	unicameral House of Assembly (18 seats - 15 elected by popular vote, one appointed for the Speaker, and two ex officio members; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 10 February 2000 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - GSD 58%, GSLP 41%; seats by party - GSD 8, GSLP 7	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 79.09 years male: 76.23 years female: 82.1 years (2001 est.)	-
Literacy	definition: NA total population: above 80% male: NA% female: NA%	-
Location	Southwestern Europe, bordering the Strait of Gibraltar, which links the Mediterranean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, on the southern coast of Spain	archipelago in the Indian Ocean, south of India, about one-half the way from Africa to Indonesia
Map references	Europe	Political Map of the World
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 3 NM	territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 49 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 669,056 GRT/1,003,809 DWT ships by type: bulk 1, cargo 15, chemical tanker 6, container 7, multi-functional large-load carrier 3, passenger 2, petroleum tanker 14, roll on/roll off 1 (2000 est.)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	defense is the responsibility of the UK; the US lease on Diego Garcia expires in 2016
Military branches	British Army, Royal Navy, Royal Air Force	-
National holiday	Commonwealth Day, second Monday of March	-
Nationality	noun: Gibraltarian(s) adjective: Gibraltar	-
Natural hazards	NA	NA
Natural resources	NEGL	coconuts, fish, sugarcane
Net migration rate	NEGL migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)	-
Pipelines	0 km	-
Political parties and leaders	Gibraltar Social Democrats or GSD [Peter CARUANA]; Gibraltar Socialist Labor Party or GSLP [Joseph John BOSSANO]	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	Chamber of Commerce; Gibraltar Representatives Organization; Housewives Association	-
Population	27,649 (July 2001 est.)	no indigenous inhabitants note: approximately 1,200 former agricultural workers resident in the Chagos Archipelago, often referred to as Chagossians or Ilois, were relocated to Mauritius and the Seychelles in the 1960s and 1970s; in November 2000 they were granted the right of return by a British High Court ruling, though no timetable has been set; in November 2004, there were approximately 4,000 UK and US military personnel and civilian contractors living on the island of Diego Garcia
Population below poverty line	NA%	-
Population growth rate	0.24% (2001 est.)	-
Ports and harbors	Gibraltar	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	37,000 (1997)	-
Railways	total: NA km; 1.000-m gauge system in dockyard area only	-
Religions	Roman Catholic 76.9%, Church of England 6.9%, Muslim 6.9%, Jewish 2.3%, none or other 7% (1991)	-
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2001 est.)	-
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal, plus other UK subjects who have been residents six months or more	-
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate, automatic domestic system and adequate international facilities domestic: automatic exchange facilities international: radiotelephone; microwave radio relay; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)	general assessment: separate facilities for military and public needs are available domestic: all commercial telephone services are available, including connection to the Internet international: country code (Diego Garcia) - 246; international telephone service is carried by satellite (2000)
Telephones - main lines in use	19,000 (1997)	NA
Telephones - mobile cellular	1,620 (1997)	-
Television broadcast stations	1 (plus three low-power repeaters) (1997)	1 (1997)
Terrain	a narrow coastal lowland borders the Rock of Gibraltar	flat and low (most areas do not exceed two meters in elevation)
Total fertility rate	1.64 children born/woman (2001 est.)	-
Unemployment rate	13.5% (1996)	-
Waterways	none	-

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